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London, Algae water plants or algae has similarities to the human eye, which is equally sensitive to light stimuli. Similarity is an inspiration to scientists who use these water plants to cope with damage to the retina in the blind.
A study conducted at the University of Southern California reveals, Algae has a certain gene that makes it very sensitive to light. This sensitivity is needed in photosynthesis, the process of making food with the help of sunlight.
The gene is believed to have a mechanism similar to genes found in the retina, the part of the eye that serves catch the light. Light is captured by the retina is converted into electrical signals transmitted by nerves to the brain.
In the blind, the retina ability to capture light greatly reduced or even completely unavailable. Similarities between gene catcher light on algae with genes in the retina used by scientists to overcome blindness.
In the experiment, injection of gene Algae are able to make eye mice become more sensitive to light. Securities that appear to be permanent, meaning that only needs to be done once in a lifetime then the effect will last forever.
If developed further, then its application in humans is expected to overcome the problem of retinal damage that can lead to blindness. It is estimated, about 1 million cases of blindness in Britain triggered by damage to the retina.
"The idea behind this research is to cure blindness," said the researcher, Alan Horsager as quoted by the Telegraph, Sunday (04/17/2011).
However, to be applied to humans, this breakthrough is expected to still need a long process.
San Francisco, we often hear the phrase, 'Basic shameless', or 'It's broken veins shame' directed at people who are assessed have no shame. Be careful if you have started to lose a sense of 'cock' because it means that there are parts of the brain that have been damaged.
Scientists from the University of California, San Francisco and the University of California, Berkeley managed to reveal what part of the brain that is responsible for the show at least a sense of shame.
According to researcher Virginia Sturm, his team has identified a part of the brain on the right front of the so-called 'anterior cingulate cortex pregenual' as a key cause of human shame.
"This is the area of the brain that can predict a person's behavior. The smaller part of the brain is the less people have a sense of shame," Virginia said as quoted by ScienceDaily, Sunday (17/04/2011).
Central shame in the 'anterior cingulate cortex pregenual' This position is deep in the brain that is the right front. Another function of the brain, among others, regulate heartbeat and breathing, emotional, addictive behavior and decision making.
So it is in people whose brains healthy, when to feel ashamed of the brain will be functioning optimally. Shame will make the blood pressure rises, heart rate increases or changes in breathing.
But in people who have a low sense of shame as in patients with Alzheimer's or dementia (senile), brains in this section were smaller than usual. They generally become more indifferent to the things people say embarrassing because the brain 'pregenual anterior cingulate cortex' such as 'blinded' to shame.
"When you lose the ability of the brain in this area, you will lose the shame response," Virginia said as quoted by LiveScience.
The scientists believe that the bigger the specific brain region, the stronger the workings of the brain associated with that function. For example, people with an open personality (extrovert) has a central processing larger brains, while those who had central nervous easy detection of errors is greater.
In conducting the study, researchers asked 79 participants to sing karaoke song 'My Girl', the 1964 hit song that dinyayikan Temptations. Participants were healthy and there are some who suffer from degenerative nerve diseases.
Participants voice recorded and played back without any accompanying music. Participants are embarrassed by his voice directly visible from the expression on his face, then sweating and heart rate increases. Conversely patients who suffered a nervous breakdown looks indifferent and lacking a sense of shame even when their voices heard very embarrassing.
New York, plastic surgery in children is not recommended because of various reasons of mental and medical. But a little girl aged 7 years chose to perform ear surgery is very wide, unable to bear constantly teasing his friends.
Samantha Shaw little girl from South Dakota this every day the United States should experience bullying (harassment and ridicule) has the ear because of the wide and without grooves like rabbits.
Ridicule, according to her mother, Cami Roselles not only from his friends but also from adults who may only annoyance see a very wide ears. But the questions and taunts that according to these ordinary people just joke, has made mental Samantha falls. He always cover the ears with her hair, felt pressured to go to school or play.
Do not want to see Samantha fall in confidence in himself, his family finally decided to do plastic surgery to improve the form of his ears to make it look more normal and proportionate. Operation of the ear is called otoplasty, which is operating with ear pinning back so as not to be too wide.
As reported by ABCNews, Sunday (04/17/2011) Samantha surgery performed by surgeon Dr. Steven Pearlman in New York for 2.5 hours. The operation was a success. Although the rest of the anesthesia is still felt sick but Samantha was not willing to live it for later teased his friends again.
Operating results are quite good, Samantha's ear that was wider and without grooves become more proportionally shaped like ears of other normal children.
"This operation is very meaningful for Samantha, she will not be disturbed again. I'm afraid one day she would rage and treat people the way the rough because it is often mocked if his ears are not repaired," said his mother.
Plastic surgery in children as did Samantha is, according to data from the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery has increased 30 percent in the last 10 years.
The rise of the children who do almost all of plastic surgery for reasons not bear to get a ribbing from his friends. Children who constantly mocked because her body shape that looks abnormal it eventually get depressed and have academic problems.
Namun anak observers deplored if the problem of the body shape abnormalities in children should be resolved by way of plastic surgery. According to these experts, plastic surgery is not the answer to stop the bullying. How does the role of parents instill the values of self confidence in children is deemed more important to address the solution of children who often gets ribbing.
Almost all babies are actually born less than 9 months. The limited size of the mother's pelvis makes difficult to linger baby in the womb. If there is any baby born more than 9 months it happened just a little.
This was conveyed by neuroscientist Lise Eliot in his book entitled 'What's Going on in There? How the Brain and Mind Develop in the First Five Years of Life "(Bantam, 2000).
"If it were not for the limited size of the pelvis (pelvic), women, the baby will grow much longer in the uterus (more than nine months)," says Lise Eliot, as reported by LiveScience, Tuesday (19/04/2011).
According to Eliot, a woman should maintain a relatively narrow pelvis in order to remain upright. With the limited size of the female pelvis, the baby is difficult to linger in the womb of the mother exceed 9 months. Only a very few incidents baby was born more than 9 months.
In addition, the size of new born baby's brain during the quarter of the adult brain size. It also allows the mother to survive and stay healthy after birth.
Therefore, some doctors call the first trimester such as old baby is in the fourth trimester maternal womb.
Since the early age of his birth a baby does not have social skills such as smiling.
"Social skills such as smiling for example, only arise when infants aged 10-14 weeks," said Eliot.
The condition of pregnant women and babies in the womb at month 9 is
Mother's condition:
Mother will experience back pain due to muscle stretching occurred.
Mother increasingly difficult to sleep because of anxiety that sometimes is not unreasonable.
Abdominal skin will get itchy, but you should not carded and simply rubbed with baby oil or lotion.
The frequency of urination will increase, because the baby is more urgent bladder.
The contraction will be more often perceived by the mother.
If there is a contraction that is accompanied by the release of amniotic fluid, then try to wake up slowly to prevent the discharge of amniotic fluid are more numerous and immediately brought to the hospital.
The condition of the baby in the womb
Towards the end of the trimester of the lungs almost fully developed.
Baby's reflexes began to perfect coordination so that she can blink, close your eyes, turn heads, kicked and respond to sound, light and touch.
The baby will change positions to prepare for childbirth, the baby will descend into the pelvis and usually will head facing toward the birth canal.
Babies will continue to grow and develop until later was born.
At this age your baby will have a length of about 46-51 cm and weighing approximately 3 to 3.2 kg.
Putrajaya, Various ways done neighboring country Malaysia to fight obesity. Not enough to prohibit the sale of junk food in school canteens, the weight of the students in Malaysia are also included as one component of assessment in the report card.
Breakthrough is done so that parents can come to assess the health condition of their child. Pupils who are not ideal weight will be given a rating based on Body Mass Index (BMI) is classified as underweight, overweight or even obese.
"With lists BMI report cards, parents are expected to have guidelines for assessing the condition of her child if her weight is normal or not," said Malaysian Health Minister, Liow Tiong Lai was quoted as saying by the Telegraph, Tuesday (04/19/2011).
Reportedly the teachers and parents strongly support these policies as it is considered would benefit all parties. Parents who know that their children are not normal body weight can be consulted to the clinic and together find a solution.
To support this policy, the prohibition to sell fast food (junk food) and beverages (soft drink) will also be strictly enforced in school canteens. Merchandise fat and high in sugar were categorized as unhealthy because it can lead to obesity.
Not just in the cafeteria, roadside merchant who sells fried food in the school environment are also not spared from penertiban.Pedagang-traders are not allowed to enter the school grounds and should only be selling fried after school hours ended.
Tiong Lai said the policy is taken to address the problem of obesity in the country. Recent data from WHO World Health Organization to place Malaysia as a country with the largest number of obese people in Southeast Asia and ranks 6th from all over Asia.
It is estimated, the total number of obese or overweight in Malaysia to reach one third of the population.
Clermont-Ferrand, Many benefits can be obtained from hobby sun bathing in the morning. Sunlight is needed in the process of formation of vitamin D, which is not only good for the skin and bone but also can reduce snoring during sleep.
Researchers from University Hospital in Clermont-Ferrand, France believes human muscles also need vitamin D to be working optimally. No exception breathing muscles, which weakened in people with sleep disorders like snoring.
The weakening of respiratory muscles constrict making the air cavity that vibrates when it passed through the air. Vibrations that cause snoring sound, which not only disrupt the sleep partner, but also dangerous because it can trigger stop breathing up to 400 times a night.
Obesity has been touted as one of the factors triggering the snores, though the real cause is unknown. The weakening of the muscles around the throat is another cause which is expected to be addressed through the provision of supplemental vitamin D.
Sunlight is not a source of vitamin D, so it does not provide direct benefits in addressing snoring. But sunlight is needed in the process of formation of vitamin D, which is processed from provitamin D in the daily diet.
Some foods that are the main source of vitamin D and provitamin D include salmon, spinach, soybeans and orange juice. Milk and other dairy products like cheese and yogurt are also included major source of vitamin D are easily found everyday.
To prove the benefits of vitamin D for muscle, researchers currently carrying out clinical trials on 80 patients with symptoms of frequent snoring
Ontario, Canada, Eating foods that contain fat are not necessarily good for the body, but if you consume coffee after eating fatty foods, the negative impact will be greater again.
The study conducted by the University of Guelph showed that the combination of fat and caffeine in coffee can be very harmful to the body. Researchers found that healthy people who drink coffee after eating fatty foods increase blood sugar until doubled. The increase in blood sugar is even equivalent to those at risk of diabetes.
"The study tells us that saturated fats can interfere with the body's ability to clean the sugar in the blood, and when combined with caffeine-containing coffee, then the impact could be worse," said Marie-Soleil Beaudoin, who conducted the study along with the professor of University of Guelph, Lindsay Robinson and Terry Graham, as reported by preventdisease, Tuesday (19/04/2011).
According to Beaudoin, the combination of saturated fat and caffeine can make blood sugar stays in for long periods of time, the impact can be very dangerous.
This study is the first study to find out about the influence of saturated fat and caffeine in coffee on blood sugar levels. Studies performed using cocktails (a novel fat cocktail) containing only fat. The drink is specifically designed to enable researchers to accurately mimic what happens to the body when people swallow fat.
In this study, healthy men were asked to drink about 1 gram of fat for each kilogram of beverage weight. Six hours later they were given the next menu that consists of sugar drinks.
As a result, the subject of blood sugar levels rose to 32 percent higher than people who do not mengonsumi fat.
The researchers also tested the effect of caffeinated coffee in combination with fatty foods. For this test, the researchers gave participants caffeinated coffee drinks 5 hours after ingesting the fat. An hour later given a sugar drink.
The results showed that blood sugar levels increased by 65 percent compared with participants who did not consume coffee and fat.
"This shows that the effects of fatty foods combined with a coffee can last for hours. Even the effect can be doubled compared to people who eat fatty foods only," said Beaudoin.
In addition to a blood test blood sugar levels, researchers also saw the effects of gastro-intestinal tract by measuring the incretin hormone released by the intestine after swallowing fat. These hormones signal the pancreas to release insulin to help cleanse the blood of sugar.
"In the end we have found that fatty and caffeinated coffee can destroy the communication between the intestine and pancreas, is why the participants can not clean from their blood sugar easily," said Beaudoin.
According to Beaudoin, the results of this study is very important for people at risk for metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes.
"We've known for years that people with or at risk of type 2 diabetes should limit their caffeine consumption. Drinking decaffeinated coffee is one way to increase one's glucose tolerance. Limit intake of saturated fatty acids found in red meat, processed foods and food fast food is also beneficial, "lid Beaudoin.
The results of this study have been published in the Journal of Nutrition.
The benefits of tea has been more often associated with the content of antioxidants in it that can inhibit cancer and the aging process. And drinking tea on a regular basis also provides other benefits, one of which prevent bone loss.
A recent study in Taiwan prove, industrious women who drank tea less often affected by osteoporosis or thinning of bone mass. Research conducted by experts from Cheng Kung University, published in Taiwan Journal of Family Medicine.
Led by Dr. Chang Ying-fan, this study involving 368 adult women, average age 65 years. Quoted from Timeslive, Monday (19/04/2011), 60 of them have a habit of drinking tea on a daily basis while the remaining 308 rarely or only occasionally when drinking tea.
Based on the results of examination of bone and filling out the questionnaire, 46.7 percent of women who drank tea diligent of osteoporosis in old age. The budget is small compared with the group who rarely drank tea, which is 63.3 per cent.
Dr Ying-fan believe, at least there are 2 components in tea that is beneficial fluoride and flavonoids inhibit the bone loss that increases bone mass density. In addition, polyphenols and tannin compounds are believed to contribute to maintaining bone density.
This finding is contrary to the opinion of several experts who say that the tea dangers of the coffee, because it triggers bone loss. The opinion was based on the nature of the caffeine content in tea and coffee are shed via urine calcium in bone.
Benefits of tea for the bone has also been expressed previously by researchers from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. In that study, 3 component of green tea which proved the merit in maintaining bone density is epigallocatechin (EGC), gallocatechin (GC) and gallocatechin gallate (GCG).
Osteoporosis is a type of bone damage suffered by most women especially after menopause. The damage was triggered by a reduction in bone density, so more prone to cracks and fractures, especially in the hip, and wrist.
Removing the cuss words are not a good thing, but this behavior can be useful if done at the right time. The new study shows swearing can help fight pain.
The scientists from Keele University found that letting someone out swear words could have the effect of a strong painkiller, especially for people who do not usually do.
To test this theory, some student volunteers involved with putting his hand in a bucket of ice cold water as he threw the words cursing repeatedly.
Researchers found that participants were able to keep his hand in the ice while longer if he threw the words, this is because the condition is to build ties between cursing with increased pain tolerance.
In addition, researchers also found effects of pain relief will be 4 times more likely to work well in normal volunteers who did not cast bad words. The research team believes the effect of pain reduction occurred because the cursing triggered the response of 'fight or flight'.
Heart rate will be accelerated when the participants repeat the words of invective which showed increased aggression that would reduce the weaknesses of the body. This condition would make a person more tolerant of pain.
These results prove that the issue swear words not only trigger an emotional response, but also physical. This might explain why the practice continues to grow today.
"Removing the words swearing is a nearly universal phenomenon in humans for centuries," said Dr Richard Stephens, as quoted by the Telegraph, Tuesday (04/19/2011).
Dr Stephen said his research shows utter swear words is the result of an emotional response in the face of stress response similar to the 'flight or fight', that is how the body reacts to the threat or danger.
But this should be done without offending people.
Super germs (superbug) more often found in hospitals because the antibiotics more frequently used at the venue. These germs are very stubborn because it does not work anymore with antibiotics. Unfortunately not all hospitals perform preventive efforts by arranging the pattern of the germs that are recalcitrant.
One case that proves that posed by hospital superbugs are the NDM-1, a type of bacterium that infects the British people after the treatment in New Delhi, India. The bacteria are resistant to existing antibiotics, so called superbugs.
Prof. Iwan Dwiprahasto, pharmacologist from the University of Gajah Mada said the germs such as NDM-1 is likely to emerge if the hospital does not have germs and resistance patterns. Without such patterns, the use of antibiotics tends to be irrational and might not be useful.
"Without a pattern of germs, doctors now prescribe antibiotics blind and based on experience. If symptoms such as these, most likely this bacteria," Prof Iwan ungkan in the inauguration of Indonesian Epidemology Clinical and Evidence Based Medicine (EBM-ICE) Network in the Health Ministry building on Tuesday ( 04/19/2011).
If the antibiotics was based only on experience, then the resistance would be understood if there is prolonged Hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization. Once the disease does not heal, a new antibiotic is replaced with a more powerful though sometimes it's too late.
Ideally, according to Prof. Iwan, each hospital has a pattern of resistance to germs and evaluated every certain period of time eg 3 months. If in 3-6 months found that there are germs that are resistant to certain antibiotics, its use in hospitals should be stopped.
But the main obstacle to compile such a pattern is nothing but a less memadahi facilities in some hospitals. According to Prof. Iwan, most hospitals type A and B had a microbiology laboratory for this purpose while type C hospital that have not been many.
Prof. Iwan added, other efforts that can be done to prevent the resistance of germs is to avoid using third-line antibiotics or third-line antibiotic for indications that are not necessary. Sometimes, antibiotics are really for emergency conditions in a serious injury is also used for mild infections, so prone to trigger resistance to germs.
If not prevented, the bacteria resistance to antibiotics is expected to become a global pandemic in the near future and create the conditions like in the era before antibiotics are found. Type of the more resistant germs, while the antibiotic research has never produced a new discovery
Houston, During a mission in space, the astronauts should maintain good health so as not to fall ill. According to research, medicine brought from Earth would not be effective after exposure to various kinds of radiation in space.
The reduced effectiveness or efficacy of drugs in space triggered by environmental influences. Factors affecting participating include radiation, aircraft engine vibration, minimal gravity, temperature and low humidity and exposure to carbon dioxide.
This influence is revealed in research Johnson Space Center, which is a research institute under NASA. Drugs used in the study consisted of 35 species, packaged in 4 boxes and included in several missions into space for a duration varying between 13 days to 28 months.
Arriving on Earth, the drugs were examined kandunan active substances in the laboratory. The longer was in outer space, the more particles of active substance which was changed into other compounds that did not work anymore treat disease.
As a comparison, poeneliti also placed four boxes contain the same types of drugs at the headquarters of Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Entirely stored in controlled conditions, so that the stability of drugs in it are not disturbed environmental factors.
Normally, drugs will change the chemical structure gradually during storage and will lose its efficacy after the passing of time expired. When carried into space, the structural changes occurring more rapidly than on Earth.
"The decline in the quality of medicine while in space occur more quickly than the expiration date listed. This proves the unique environmental factors in space affect the stability of the drug," said the researchers.
London, Algae water plants or algae has similarities to the human eye, which is equally sensitive to light stimuli. Similarity is an inspiration to scientists who use these water plants to cope with damage to the retina in the blind.
